Great Expectations Essay Example for Free

Incredible Expectations Essay Portray the character of Magwitch. What do you think Dickens needs to state about wrongdoing and discipline in the areas of the novel where he shows up? The accompanying paper and its substance are about the tale of Great Expectations, its plot and what Charles Dickens was truly attempting to state. Incredible Expectations is the story about a youngster, Phillip Pirrip nicknamed Pip for short, came to develop and have his extraordinary desires ran. The epic starts with Pip as a little youngster out on the bogs and as the novel proceeds, it follows Pips excursion to a man of his word and afterward on into a representative. All through the novel, Pip is engaged with a couple of rather sensational occasions and with some somewhat beautiful characters close by him. Toward the start of the story we see the youthful Pip, a vagrant being raised and taken care of by his ghastly, hard sister and her significant other whose character is characterized similar to a delicate goliath, Joe Gargery, the metal forger. While upon on the bogs, Pip comes into contact with a got away from convict by the name of Abel Magwitch. As the novel peruses on, it demonstrates that Magwitch appears to profoundly affect Pips life. Pip is impacted likewise by Miss Havisham, an unpredictable and withdrawn elderly person. It turns out o be that there are two young ladies in Pips life: the understanding and kind and delicate Biddy and the glad and entirely lovely Estella. It comes around one day that Pip has come into a liberal fortune. A sponsor, who to Pip is obscure, wants for Pip to venture out to London to become and prevail as a high class honorable man. This is the response to all of Pips dreams, its like his Christmases have all come without a moment's delay yet all doesnt go just as Pip would have trusted and he gets associated with many undertakings. Likewise, when he is given his fortune, Pip turns into a braggart and the cash transforms him absolutely and its everything for the more regrettable. Toward the start of Chapter 1, we meet Magwitch. While Pip is in the cemetery, where his mom is covered, he meets Magwitch. Magwitch places an extraordinary dread into Pip requesting food, drink and a document as he despite everything has chains around his lower legs since he has gotten away from jail You bring me, to-morrow morning early, that record and them wittles, Magwitch, page 8. Before Magwitch requests these sources, he scavenges through Pips pockets for food and takes him by his lower legs and ludicrously shakes Pip topsy turvy. Pip is terrified into such a fear by Magwitch right off the bat revealing to Pip whether he should live or not-The inquiry being whether youre to be let to live-Magwitch, (page 7. ) Magwitch reveals to Pip that there is a man a great deal more awful than him-Theres a youngster stowed away with me, in correlation with which young fellow I am an Angel, Magwitch, page 8. After this, Pip is resolved to return home, assemble the things Magwitch needs and come back to meet him the following day. A quick perspective on the connection among Magwitch and Pip is one dependent on dread and force, to which Magwitch has the high ground so Pip can't contend with him. It appears to be however that Magwitch and Pip share an improbable yet basic forlornness. This is such in light of the fact that Pip was distant from everyone else in the churchyard with the headstones of his folks, who had spent away numerous prior years and Magwitch has never truly had any family around and the extremely out of line and unreasonable way Magwitch has been dealt with and rebuffed, it resembles the wrongdoing and discipline framework during the 1900s was excessively out of line and was practically similar to it transformed men into mammoths and are not rewarded in a systematic manner. Magwitch returns in Chapter 39. It is Pips 23rd birthday and he is by all accounts doing amazingly little with his life. He is still on acceptable standing with Mr Pocket, despite the fact that Pip is done being mentored by him and despite the fact that he continues attempting occupations, he isnt adhering to them sufficiently long to grow further in them yet he is finding that he is perusing a great deal. On a turbulent night in London, Magwitch comes to Pips home and Pip welcomes him in and treats him with obliging hatred Do you wish to come in-Pip, page 289. Pip invited him in to discuss Magwitchs business and at exactly that point pips continuously start to perceive this guest as the convict that he had met and given him a record and some food up on the bogs when Pip was only a little youngster. It is at exactly that point that Magwitch uncovers himself as being Pips puzzling sponsor and that he had been living in Australia every one of these years past, functioning as a sheep rancher and the cash he was acquiring from that would go to Pip-I lived harsh so you could live smooth, page 313, Magwitch said this to Pip to demonstrate that all that he had done in Australia, was for Pip. As Pip suspected Miss Havisham was his advocate, he had any expectations of wedding Estella and both of them turning into a woman and man of his word couple however his fantasies have been broken Miss Havishams aims towards me, every one of the a minor dream, Pip, page 317. Pip is shocked by Magwitch. He is sickened and shocked yet fortunately Magwitch didnt notice it and is vexed that he ought to owe such a great amount to such an individual. Moreover, to Pips condition of stun, it is just since he understands it was not Miss Havisham who was his supporter and that Estella, who Pip reveres beyond a reasonable doubt, had not been planned for him by any means. While Pip is in a condition of disturbance, we learn of Magwitchs past. The peruser discovers that in light of the fact that Magwitch didnt dress like a man of honor, his discipline was much harsher instead of in the event that you resemble a respectable man, the equity framework would be significantly progressively permissive on the more horrendous crook. Despite the fact that Magwitch had a negligible decision about whether he could stand to go to wrongdoing or not, he had minimal decision and could see himself not getting anyplace. Magwitch discloses to Pip that because of the way that he perpetrated a wrongdoing to spare himself and he had no way out, it was on the grounds that he didnt look or dress like a refined man that he was given a substantial sentence and dispatched to Australia where, at exactly that point, he was restored in light of the fact that he was as far as anyone knows not, at this point a threat to society or anybody around him. As Magwitch has returned and taken a chance with his life to see him, as much as he feels embarrassed and feels like everything he could ever want were only that, Pip feels like in one sense he should even now ensure him. Pip has a feeling that he doesnt need Magwitch to hazard his life and this demonstrates Pip to in any case be human by having little still, small voice by not needing Magwitch to get captured and hung or removed, despite the fact that Pip is thinking he is the scummiest of the scummy on the grounds that he is related with a convict and he feels like he cannot contact Magwitchs cash any longer.

To what extent can Grendon be considered a Maverick prison Essays

What exactly degree can Grendon be viewed as a Maverick jail Essays Whatever degree can Grendon be viewed as a Maverick jail Essay What exactly degree can Grendon be viewed as a Maverick jail Essay Continuous discussions encompassing the possibility of detainment facilities have featured how jails arent functioning. HMP Grendon has become a milestone in British jail history as a jail that has looked for elective techniques for treatment for the crippling of guilty parties. This paper will diagram the techniques utilized by Grendon in the jails endeavors to restore guilty parties and how those strategies contrast with those right now utilized in normal penitentiaries. It will at long last be contended that Grendon, upheld by various experimental discoveries, has faced the challenges and picked up the outcomes that guarantee the detainment facilities status as a Maverick jail. HMP Grendon is a classification B jail outside Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire. It opened in 1963, in a time of extraordinary social change which saw homosexuality sanctioned, the Open University established, an equivalent compensation act built up, and the usage of race relations enactment (Wilson, D. , 1994). In understanding the social setting of the detainment facilities beginnings we can begin to comprehend the hypothetical underpinnings of its center angles. With better approaches for understanding the old, Grendon brought another method of seeing how to manage guilty parties into the light. The jail is separated into six wings, five of which are moderately free remedial networks with 40 or so occupants in each, with a littler appraisal and readiness wing for 25. A large portion of the detainees are in for wrongdoings, for example, furnished theft, murder and an assortment of sex offenses. All have sentences of over four years and all have elected to go there. Regularly a significant number of the individuals have surrendered the alternative of parole to attempt to get themselves straightened out before being discharged. The remedial networks utilized by Grendon join four principle components that add to the running of the foundation which are vote based system and strengthening; the detainees have privileges of control over the organization and running of the jail; They likewise have obligation; the jail empowers duty on an individual and aggregate level; Support; the framework utilized at the jail takes into consideration the help of guilty parties from an assortment of staff including specialists, analysts, probation staff, just as those there to teach the detainees; lastly encounter; the detainees are power to stand up to their violations and the effect they have had on any casualties and the detainees are gone up against in the event that they should make light of their wrongdoings or on the off chance that they endeavor to hurt others in the restorative network. Our present jail framework depends on the possibility that jail works and to fluctuating degrees the models of discouragement, anticip ation, requital, and restoration are intensely imbedded in the possibility of imprisonment. The speculation behind the impediment/avoidance model is that jail goes about as an obstruction as a result of its terrible nature. Jeremy Bentham especially pushed this view, discipline ought to be adequately tacky to the guilty party that the uneasiness experienced would exceed the joy to be denied from crime (Olsen, 1999:213). As per scholars, for example, Bentham such discipline can deal with either a general or individual level in that both the overall population who might be thinking about a wrongdoing are dissuaded just as the individuals who experience the jail framework direct. By hindering wrongdoing through penitentiaries it is trusted that it will be forestalled. The retributive model of discipline expresses that the individuals who affront have the right to endure and that discipline establishments ought to dispense the discipline they merit, which is advocated for conscious wrong doing. It favors the way of thinking of tit for tat, a tooth for a tooth and is viewed as in reverse glancing in that it centers around the wrongdoing previously dedicated by the individual instead of the utilitarian spotlight on the future outcomes of discipline found in discouragement models. Recovery points not to rebuff the wrongdoer yet to show them how they can reintegrate into society to lead well behaved lives. It is trusted the detainees issues can be distinguished and settled The goal of change or recovery is to reintegrate the guilty party into society after a time of discipline, and to structure the substance of the discipline in order to accomplish this. (Hudson, B; Understanding Justice; 1996 p26) The adequacy of recovery in customary detainment facilities has gone under much examination due to a great extent to the congestion of the penitentiaries At each degree of the jail framework, stuffing is affecting the capacity of detainment facilities to convey rehabilitative projects. Despite extra assets, the development of detainees and the hole between the quantity of detainees and the spaces accessible are making it exceptionally hard to give adequate positive action to enough detainees (Rehabilitation of Prisoners, first report of the Home Affairs Select Committee, 2004-05, November 2004). The measure of detainees in jails plainly implies that recovery doesn't make up a critical piece of the jail system for detainees. Throughout the years there has been a lot of discussion over which models are best of restoration in penitentiaries has been broadly addressed; In 1974 Martinson addressed What works? also, in his paper expressed that our current methodologies can't survive, or even considerably decrease, the ground-breaking propensities of guilty parties to proceed in criminal conduct (Martinson, 1974: 49), thus declared the nothing works. Afterward in any case, in 1979 he expressed that some treatment programs do appreciably affect recidivism. (Martinson, 1979: 244) and that [s]uch frightening outcomes are found over and over in our investigation, for treatment programs as differing as individual psychotherapy, bunch advising, concentrated management, and what we have called singular/(help, exhortation, directing). (Martinson, 1979: 255). In spite of the fact that he didn't advocate recovery as an essential instrument for the discipline of guilty parties, his view that nothing works moved to everything works a tad and can be viewed as a significant time for the eventual fate of restoration. The contrasts between HMP Grendon and other normal detainment facilities initially become obvious in the physical running of the jail. The opening of the detainees at 7. 45am until 21. 00pm and the calling of the staff by their first names all represent a more loosened up environment than that of standard detainment facilities. A wide range of class B wrongdoers are intentionally kept together and urged to associate with one another which is a distinct difference to the running of standard detainment facilities which will in general develop a sort of order with equipped burglars and killers at the top and sex guilty parties at the base. This chain of importance regularly causes various dangers of misuse frequently finishing off with isolation. In urging all detainees to participate in the framework together and on an equivalent level there is no requirement for isolation. Those at Grendon have no protection in any case and there are no privileged insights permitted inside the jail which can frequently be hard for the detainees as the us and them ethos of their past jail experience was regularly described by mystery between the detainees just as between the detainees and staff. Perhaps the greatest differentiation that set Grendon separated from every single other jail in the UK is its popularity based structure that plans to engage the detainees in giving them a voice on issues of direct inside the foundation. Strengthening inside the jail is viewed as significant for the development of every detainee as an individual and every one of the detainees have an immediate state in each part of how the jail is run. They are allowed the chance to work out for themselves what is good and bad and reserve the privilege to remove different detainees from treatment should they break any of the three standards of treatment, which are; no beverage; no medications; and no savagery. The individuals who are removed from treatment are come back to their sending foundation. In allowing the detainees to stop such conduct, issues, for example, chronic drug use, which is frequently fuelled or made, not halted by being in jail, consequently turns out to be to a lesser degree an issue than in different penitentiaries. In having the option to apply their own qualities to the world wherein they are living they are given, it is trusted, a superior sentiment of self-esteem than what is given in normal penitentiaries in that they are not determined what to do, they are urged to choose for themselves what is correct. It is trusted that the detainees would then be able to apply that plan to the outside world. At Grendon the obstructions among staff and detainees are separated and regularly individuals from staff become more like companions than jail staff and a sort of common regard is framed which supports great conduct among the detainees. This is represented well in David Wilson and Stephen McCabes (2002) study which endeavored to see how Grendon functions in the expressions of those experiencing treatment. One of the detainees expressed that They [the jail staff] gave me regard, and that caused me to have sense of pride. I began to recognize the truth about things, and when you like yourself, you like others as well. The qualification between ordinary detainment facilities and Grendon turns out to be clear here; at Grendon majority rules system and regard go inseparably though somewhere else in different penitentiaries, neither exist. In England the jail populace has risen drastically and is at its most noteworthy at any point recorded level. In February 2004 the jail populace in England and Wales arrived at a record-breaking record populace of 74,594-an expansion of 3. 6% throughout the year. Since 1995, more than 15,200 extra jail place have been given at an expense of more thanâ Â £2 billion and the UK has the most noteworthy detainment rate in the European association at 141 for every 100,000 (Baker, N. , 2004). With the jail populace developing so quickly and detainment facilities costing so muc

Perspective-taking Essay

John, 12 years of age, sits restlessly around his work area, trusting that Ms Terror will give him the consequence of his math test. With hands in intense petition, he shuts his eyes as Ms Terror lays the test paper on his table. A major red â€Å"F† shouts to him the second he opened his eyes. He has expected that grade in light of the fact that as opposed to surveying for the test, he went through the late evening playing web games with Aaron. His situation †how might he get a passing mark in next Friday’s test when Aaron is welcoming him to play once more? As per Magnus Linklater (2007), peer bunches are a child’s greatest influencers. This is certain as youngsters accept their companions are the main ones who can get them. Yet, grown-ups ought not think little of their critical thinking capacities as they have an exceptional method for completing things and noting their own needs. Investigating Piaget’s intellectual turn of events, we see that John has quite recently entered the formal operational stage, wherein he creates â€Å"the capacity to consider unique concepts† and finds â€Å"skills, for example, intelligent idea, deductive thinking, and methodical planning† (Van Wagner, 2007). With rationale, John decides to read for his coming math test as well as for all his different tests and sets aside web games until end of the week. He realizes that doing as such, he will get something beyond a passing evaluation, and along these lines no more dread looks from Ms Terror just as spontaneous talks with Mom and Dad. Also, thinking dynamically, rather than depending on past encounters, John considers the potential results of consenting to Aaron’s greeting. He would be denounced by Ms Terror or more terrible, she would call the consideration of his folks. Moreover, John decides not to depend on experimentation strategies for getting things done, as he did when he was more youthful or in prior phases of Piaget’s subjective turn of events (Van Wagner, 2007). He presently can unravel his quandary in a deliberate way, along these lines he rapidly concocts an arrangement for him not to get another feared â€Å"F. † He peruses his exercises barely any days prior to the test so he can mess around with Aaron in his available time or audit his exercise the night prior to the test and simply play on ends of the week, however he is alright with. However, John’s communication with his friends, Aaron specifically, ought not be disheartened, as Piaget brought up that a child’s peer association isn't only a significant wellspring of their intellectual turn of events yet their social advancement also, explicitly in â€Å"role-taking and empathy† (refered to in Oden, 1987). John views Aaron as his closest companion, in this manner supporting their fellowship permits John to know his own self and his â€Å"range of social cooperation abilities. Besides, since the two young men have passed the stage wherein they share just â€Å"physical activities† like youth games, and they are presently fit for â€Å"sharing materials, being benevolent or helpful† (Oden, 1987), and seeing their fellowship as supporting singularity and commonality, John either welcomes Aaron to audit their exercises together before messing around or requests that Aaron delay their relaxation action until the test is done so each can survey all alone and inevitably perform better in the test. The hypothesis of good improvement by clinician Kohlberg, who drew motivation from Piaget’s subjective turn of events, can likewise help answer John’s difficulty. John mulls over the desires for his family, as he attempts to look after, support, and legitimize that reading hard for the test is the correct activity, in agreement to the traditional degree of Kohlberg’s hypothesis. In particular, he falls back on being a â€Å"good boy† by surveying for the test since he realizes that doing so will satisfy Ms Terror and Mom and Dad. John’s conduct is decided by his aim, which is both acceptable and significant since â€Å"he implies well† (Kohlberg, 1971) for himself, for Ms Terror, for Mom and Dad, and in any event, for society on the loose. John could settle his quandary in different viewpoints, which straightforwardly or in a roundabout way take its root from Piaget’s subjective hypothesis. This lone shows that understudies like John can unravel their own predicaments in their own particular manners. It is typical for them to flounder and commit errors on the grounds that through these, they get the chance to learn, develop, and create. Presently, John sits serenely around his work area, eager to see his evaluation on the math test. â€Å"B† it peruses.

Literary Agents in New York Get an Agent in NY (UPDATED LIST)

If you’re like most aspiring writers, you’ve probably poured blood, sweat, tears—and yes, a lot of cold hard cash—into writing your first manuscript. But it’s done. It’s over. Against what you felt like were insurmountable odds, you finished a book. You are content, at first, to pat yourself on the back and casually mention to friends and colleagues that your book is finished. But eventually, especially if you live in the Eastern U.S., it’s time to start shopping for literary agents in New York. As you begin the publishing process, think of your agent as your GPS to help you travel from writer to published author. The world of publishing is vast. It can be jammed with traffic, there will be detours, and yes, sometimes even breakdowns. Literary agents, especially the good ones, know the road intimately. They will direct you to your destination, but you must pay attention. If you choose a different route than the one suggested, you must face the consequences of your decision. Think of your agent a bit more as a partner. If you’re going to take a partner on this journey with you, it pays to take your time and make sure you choose the best one. Below are five well-established literary agents in New York for you to consider, along with a brief synopsis of the information found on their websites: Trident Media Group Founded in 2000, Trident Media Group is one of the largest and most diverse literary agencies in New York and the world. With a staff of more than 12 agents on hand, Trident Media Group consistently ranks number one for North American sales in Publisher’s Marketplace. The agency works with both published and unpublished authors of fiction, nonfiction, children’s books, YA, Fantasy, and more. They offer multiple services for authors including books sales, editing, accounting/administration, business affairs/contracts, publishing management, foreign rights and self-publishing. If you’re searching for another reason as to why literary agents in New York are top-notch, their client list includes New York Times bestselling author, Suzanne Forster, historical suspense writer, William Martin, and healing and spiritual guru, Deepak Chopra. For more details on how to submit your work to Trident, visit their submissions page and follow guidelines closely. Writers House Founded in 1973 and currently located alongside historic counting houses constructed by William Waldorf and John Jacob Astor III, Writers House is committed to being a new kind of literary agency. Their team of over twenty senior and junior agents combine a passion for managing a writer’s career with an integral understanding of what it takes to weave an engaging story. They work with writers at all levels in a wide range of genres, covering nonfiction and fiction authors, as well as illustrators. Their client list reads like a who’s who of New York Times bestsellers including V.C. Andrews, Tom Clancy, Elizabeth Hoyt, Stephen Hawking, and the author of the Twilight Saga, Stephenie Meyer. Visit their submissions page for more details on how to submit your work to Writers House. Ann Rittenberg Literary Agency, Inc. Founded in 1992 in a Chicago apartment, Ann Rittenberg and her agents settled into a new office in Maiden Lane, Manhattan in 2011. With a philosophy of â€Å"authors come first†, the Ann Rittenberg Literary Agency works to build careers and nurture author growth. Their clients include Russian writer, Boris Akunin, who is best known for the historical detective series Erast Fandorin. Others include C.J. Box, the multi-award winning author of the Joe Pickett series. They don’t represent authors of screenplays, poetry, self-help, or genre fiction, but will work with new writers. For guidelines on how to submit your work visit their answers page. Ethan Ellenberg Literary Agency Founded in 1984 with a commitment to provide professional representation for both fiction and nonfiction storytellers, Ethan Ellenberg leads a small team of agents open to new writers and established authors. Their client list includes authors such as New York Times bestselling author of â€Å"The O’Malley Saga† and â€Å"Skye’s Legacy†, Bertrice Small, and New York Times bestselling nonfiction writer, James M. Tabor, who wrote â€Å"Blind Descent†, and won the National Outdoor Book Award for â€Å"Forever on the Mountain†. While interested in a very wide range of fiction, nonfiction, and literary fiction, they do not represent scholarly work, poetry, short stories, or screenplays. The Ethan Ellenberg Literary Agency offers agent sponsored e-book publishing services in addition to traditional literary services. Helpful submission guidelines are available here. Waxman Leavell Literary Agency Originally founded in 1997, the WLLA was co-founded in 2012 by Waxman and Leavell to bring new and exciting voices to International and American markets. WLLA is a development-oriented firm, specializing in authors with powerful nonfiction and fiction stories. Led by former HarperCollins editor, Scott Waxman, and Byrd Leavell, formerly of Carlisle Company/Inkwell Management, this is a team of 8 agents and more than 20 co-agents located around the world. They have a desire to match authors with ideas and connect them to the best possible publisher for their book. Co-agents are available in countries including the UK, France, Brazil, Holland, Korea, Russia, Israel, Taiwan, Poland, Turkey, and Eastern Europe. Their client list includes Rae Carson, the New York Times bestselling author of â€Å"Walk on Earth a Stranger† and its sequel â€Å"Like a River Glorious†, Donald Trump’s â€Å"Great Again: How to Fix Our Crippled America, and record-breaking wide receiver and author of â€Å"Out of the Blue†, Victor Cruz. To submit your work, visit their submissions page. Literary Agents in New York Keep in mind that there are thousands of literary agents in New York and throughout the country. It’s crucial that you get a literary agent that suits your style and your genre of writing. Spend time reviewing the websites of literary agencies, as well as any available testimonials. If you need additional help to get a literary agent in NY, or one with interests more suitable for your specific book, use a free database such as Agent Query. To get a literary agent in New York that suits your needs, it’s best to take your time, narrow your list to several literary agents you like and then carefully review their submission guidelines and other details before submitting your work. The road from writer to published author is long and tedious. But like any road trip, it’s well-worth it once you reach your destination.

Importance Of Store Policies On The Workplace - 995 Words

Importance of Store Policies A policy is a predetermined course of action in which employees and managers are expected to follow. They serve as a model for the course of action which best embodies the store’s vision and are a direct link to upper management. They are general in nature and typically vague. Because of the limiting reach that the upper company has on each individual store, store policies must effectively communicate the will of the company as a whole. Employees and managers need clear distinctions between what is and what is not acceptable at the workplace, because any ambiguity will lead to a problematic environment. Policies are essential in clearly stating what the rules of the company are, including courses of action†¦show more content†¦Lawsuits Lawsuits are an unfortunate part of businesses, whether they arise from negligent performance or a customer trying to â€Å"pull one† over a corporation that is too big to fail. The most relevant lawsuit type in regard to worker relationships are sexual harassment charges, where situations that are inappropriate for work arise. For example, when a relationship ends, if one member of the former couple continues to pursue the other member at work after a breakup to try to patch things up, the employer can be found liable for sexual harassment (Sutherland). Most companies are silent on policy regarding employee relationships, and as an employer that regularly hires the young adult demographic (18-25), Forever 21 should implement an effective policy protecting itself from further lawsuits in the future. One potential solution is to implement a policy prohibiting dating altogether. Habanero Consulting would advise against this approach, as employees will most likely still maintain relations, except Forever 21 will still be liable. Sexual harassment lawsuits have a serious impact on a company’s financial health, more so for companies which foster problematic environments that lead to more sexual harassment claims. It has been estimated that sexual harassment costs a typical Fortune 500 company $6.7 million a year in absenteeism, employee turnover, low morale, and low productivity. Of the 90% of Fortune 500Show MoreRelatedEssay on Walgreens Diversity Issues1644 Words   |  7 PagesWalgreens diversity issues: A weakness that was gained subsequent to the information gathered from research and surveys is that as a company it is true that diversity is practiced but may differ at stores; stores tend to lack a wide range of diversity. One may ask how that is possible. 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Definition Of Disability, Perception, Service, Delivery,...

Abstract This paper will be reflecting a particular philosophy in relation to the following definition of disability, perception of disability, terminology, service delivery and purpose of service delivery. It will also discuss Social Minority Model. What exactly is Social Minority Model? It can be described as the social model of disability optically discerns the issue of disability as a convivially engendered quandary and a matter of the full integration of individuals into society. In this model, incapacitation is not an attribute of an individual, but rather an intricate accumulation of conditions, many of which are engendered by the gregarious environment. Hence, the management of the quandary requires gregarious action and is the collective responsibility of society at immensely colossal to make the environmental modifications compulsory for the full participation of people with disabilities in all areas of gregarious life. The issue is both cultural and ideological, requiring individual, community, and sizably voluminous-scale gregarious change. From this perspective, equal access for someone with an impairment/incapacitation is a human rights issue of major concern. The Social Model of Disability A physical or mental condition that limits a person s movements, senses, or activities; a disadvantage or handicap, especially one imposed or recognized by the law, is the definition of disability. The definition of incapacitation is highly contentious for severalShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Identity? Who Defines Such, And How Is It Constructed?1570 Words   |  7 Pagescomplex than its dictionary definition. Although the word â€Å"identity† is used correctly in everyday discourse, its meaning is not captured by the definition. Identity has a double sense, it can refer to one’s self, a personal identity; but at the same time can also be socially constructed. People have unique identities which may be partly determined by family influences and personal development, but also biological influences such as a sex, ethnicity, age and disability. As far back as 1690 John LockeRead MoreRural Migrant Workers And Agricultural Workers1170 Words   |  5 Pagesworking long hours, English illiterate and living in a poor socioeconomic status, access to preventive health care services becomes very challenging. Different solutions to tackle this challenge have been proposed, including mobile clinics as well as clinics devoted to providing medical care to this population. Both still face significant barriers in delivering health care services to agricultural migrant workers (AMWs). Building upon an idea proposed at the Finding Common Grounds conference â€Å"EasierRead MoreFactors Contributing At The Behavioral Health Sector Of Public Service1745 Words   |  7 Pagesthe company performed services in the behavioral health arena and focused on the high est behavioral disruptive individuals in the Kansas City, Missouri area, DMH and other state agencies had a great deal interest in the staffing capabilities of PBM (M.McGraw, personal communication, August 5, 2016). Therefore, the purpose of this investigation will be to study the factors contributing to the turnover/retention of employees in the behavioral health sector of public service. Ultimately, the researchRead MoreThe Effects Of Non Pharmacological Interventions On Quality Of Life Of Young Adults Living At Home With Neurological Conditions1499 Words   |  6 Pagesquality of life. According to the National Service Framework (NSF) for Older People (DH 2004) any person below the age of 65 is considered a young adult. Similarly the National Service Framework for Long Term Conditions (DH 2005) puts the age of the young adult at between the ages of 18 to 65. A young adult definition is also given as below 65 in the National Framework for Continuing Care (2012). The Department of Health (DH 2004) gave a clear definition between these 2 age groups of under 65 andRead MoreMeasurement of Sevice Quality of Apollo Using Servqual12789 Words   |  52 PagesAmity Business School EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Service firms like other organizations are realizing the significance of customer-centered philosophies and are turning to quality management approaches to help manage their businesses. This paper starts with the concept of service quality and demonstrates the model of service quality gaps. 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Healthcare institutions are becoming more aware of the importance of transforming organizational culture in order to improve patient safety. Growing interest in a culture of safety has been accompanied by the need for perception of health care workers on the aspects of patient safety improvement efforts. International accrediting bodies such as the Joint Commission International (2009) stated that almost 50 percent of their standards are directly related to safety. Beforehand

Company Advertising and Online Reviews Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Company Advertising and Online Reviews. Answer: Company Advertising and Online Reviews Marketing involves several aspects which determine the rate at which products can be absorbed in the market. Advertisements play a significant role in pushing products in the market as it provides comprehensive information on a commodity. On the other hand, online reviews provide a valuable review on products which provides a guideline and influence on the rate at which a product might be taken in the market. Therefore, the two remain essential concepts in the marketing world which command significant influence on the probability of goods being taken in the market. However, the question on which source controls the largest influence on consumers remains in a contest. The paper provides a series of sources that can be used in arriving at a substantial discussion on the possible factors that suggest which approach can be trusted by consumers whenever planning to make purchases in the market. Annotated Bibliographies The article is written by Fonda Daren focusing on whether an individual should trust online reviews by highlighting truth on what determines the ratings on commodities. The report emphasizes the truth on what controls ratings and reviews and the extents that companies go towards clearing a bad rating or review on their products. The article cites the example of Mandana Yousefi and the facts that made her give a one-star rating on a Chinese restaurant review site based on the treatment she received. The article denotes the fact that ratings are so influential in businesses and thus raise the chances of companies using every means to inflate their scores. Further, it notes that firms may bribe review sites to erase negative comments or have the persons saying be compensated in exchange for an upgrade on the rating. Furthermore, companies competing against each other might hire review sites and individuals to render a negative review to their business advantage. The reality points towards a deafening truth in the fact that people should not fully rely on ratings to make a purchase. The research uses the example of Yelp which has been accused previously of altering reviews of producing fake information to the public for their profitable reasons. The reality is evident on the site that has a collective of 44 percent of the ratings on five star, 24 percent on four stars, and an 11 percent on 3 stars as the numbers lower with the star rating. The numbers indicate the insincerity that companies can obtain to achieve their ends in the business. However, the article concludes by setting the importance sectors where reviews assist such as thos e dealing with price comparison on given commodities. The article is informative given the in-depth nature it takes in examining the negative sides of a review and ratings in promoting products. Consumers conversant with the reality would not use the indications to make a decision on a purchase but rather rely on the advertisements where one can hold a firm liable for the provision of false information. The article provides accurate information given the facts in the examples used which are authentic and can be proven. The reality validates the information thus making it resourceful in the topic for discussion. In this case, the article remains essential in the discussion between the rate of reliability between company advertisement and reviews on the internet sites. The reality is useful in developing points for an argument against the popularity of reviews in convincing customers into making purchases. Besides, the facts presented in the article provide sufficient information towards the arguments for either side of the debate. The setback on the review can be used to provide statistics towards its challenge hence unreliable for a study. On the other hand, the benefits in some sectors can be used to point towards its reliability in promoting products and services in the society. Conclusively, the information can be used to arrive at a reasonable solution to the discussion based on the side that holds significant votes. The article can be used to argue in favor and opposition of reviews as an important factor in triggering purchase among consumers. Therefore, the article is recommendable for the discussion on the most influential means of convincing customers to purchase. The article represents the reflections and study of Cui Geng, Lui Hon-Kwong, and Guo Xiaoning who focus on the effects of online consumer reviews on new products. The article created in 2012, focuses on key terms such as customer feedback, internet marketing, product launch and development surrounding issues within effects of reviews. The article provides a study on the effect of online reviews on new product sales on electronic items and video games by consumers. It remains undeniable that consumers constantly review products and check from various sources to ascertain the rate of preference or refute on a product. The skill assists individuals in making an informed decision based on the experience of a product or service outlined by others. The study notes the importance of reviews more so to the hospitality industry where people do reviews before visiting restaurants or destinations for holidays. Besides, the article presents facts on issues surrounding new products in the market, which rely on ratings, where a good review on a product increases the ability to sell while those with even little ratings deserve a place in the society. The analysis of the article was carried out on Amazon, a significant online market for an electronic commodity on how reviews propelled sale of new products in the market. The results of the study indicate the reality that reviews have a great influence on the take up of new products in the market. The negative comments had a significant effect on the sales of the commodities marked with lower review digits registered small purchase and vice-versa. The fact confirmed the negativity bias on commodities placing the possibility of a product failure in the market owing to a few negative statements. Summarily, the article presents the basic factors that promote the use of reviews in determining the market influence on consumers. In this case, the artic le recommends for marketers to consider a rather distinctive influence on their products as bias existing might distort the promise of a product uptake in the market at its entry stage. The study is critical to the topic under study as it highlights yet another ground where reviews determine the rate of sale of products. Further, the study is authentic given the profession of the authors who in different institutions serve at academic institutions which remain responsible for academic researches. The information can be used to drive reasons for the likelihood of consumers using reviews at a higher rate compared to that of company advertisements. The facts expressed in the study match those of similar research thereby placing hopes to the reality of reviews determining product sale. The logical representation of facts in the article can be used to develop a convincing argument on the essential use of reviews among consumers. Notably, it would lead to a positive argument on reviews as a trusted source of information that can lure consumers into making a purchase. On the other hand, the article can be used to argue against the negative bias caused little faith in the product advertisement as a source charming clients into making purchases. Therefore, the study is relevant to the discussion which can separately be used to convince individuals. The reliability of the information remains authentic as the three professors hold significant faith in the product market. The information shall assist much in securing grounds and confirming on the product availability. The reviews remain open to influencing product uptake and discussing various factors surrounding economic scales of the study. The article is a creation of the study on the effect of word of mouth on sales carried out by Judith Chevalier and Dina Mayzlin in 2006. The journal examines the effects of consumers review on books and the effect on the sales of similar books. The study uses the case of Amazon and the Barnes and Noble where a high number of reviews on books exist. The study finds out an overwhelming number of reviews on the positive side as opposed to the books negativity. Further, the reviews were more on Amazon compared to those at Barnes and Noble. Notably, changes in a books review led to increased sales observed on the sites. A third observation made in the study indicates a greater impact on one-star review on sample study was greater than the impact of a five-star review. Several books had a five-star rating with a few having one-star ratings which attracted close attention to the buyers. The study on the effect of reviews to the sales of the book indicated that customers were most likely to review text on given topics rather than base on advertisements or summary statics. The article is relevant to the study of examining the competitive results from company advertisements and online reviews to the purchase and sale of commodities in the market. The author comes from a relevant background that deals with marketing and thereby provides trust in the information provided. Besides, he cites several references to the study which assist in accrediting the information provided in the case. The study captures the effect of reviews on sites where individuals purchase books online according to the review results made. Besides, the article denotes the effect of reviews in marketing by highlighting how much they convince clients into making purchases. The study is relevant to the topic for discussion as it looks to the effect of reviews on purchase which determines the competitive rate between the concept and that of company advertisement. The article shall remain valuable in forwarding arguments for or against the influence of the two factors determining the sale of communities in the market. The results of the study shall be essential to cover the concerns on word of mouth making it reliable and a significant factor towards commodity purchase. People are more inclined to focus on the negative reviews to ascertain the effects of word of mouth or reviews placed by individuals. The study is essential in raising the credibility of reviews as legit claims that outdo those of advertising which come for the purpose of selling products in the market. The study is essential in understanding the effect of reviews based on the fact that they are genuine as the reviewers stand to benefit little from the results. On the other hand, the study would help in the discussion in outlining the fact that advertising may not be 100 percent genuine since it comes from the primary individuals making products that need to thrive in the business. The genuine study on the effects of reviews shall form a special argument on the topic in an argument for the effects of reviews on a purchase of commodities. Therefore, the study remains instrumental to crediting one of the factors as superior to the other as it focuses on one of the major factors that determine the rate at which individuals can make purchases on a commodity. The results of the study are useful in providing a logical argument for the influence of reviews towards the ability and probability to buy a commodity as evidenced in the case of books purchase at Amazon and Barnes and Noble. The article was created in 2013 by Birke Daniel in trying to understand the effects of social networks and their economics towards influencing consumers on products. The study focuses on the likely effects of social networks acting as marketing avenues for products and services where people and companies advertise their products. In this case, the research reveals how consumers are susceptible to the social networks which provide an avenue for advertising products and services. The study uses the social networks analysis to explain the possible influence by friends and peers who post or share information derived from advertisements. The author uses the increased numbers of advertisements on the social media to inform of the influence it has on product consumption. Further, the article presents statistics that provide interplay between social media and the promotion of products. The study provides the reality of purchases and the power of advertising which seems to throw much weight on the probability of advertisement to influence a consumer market. The author carefully explains the roles of advertisements, given the wide presence of the social media to push products to the people. The article notes that products with a high rate of advertisement on the social media receive deserved attention leading to product consumption among the consumers. The author of the study focuses on the interdependency rate between friends and peers to determine the influence of a product up for advertisement on individuals. The book is instrumental in its use of diverse examples of websites and specific commodities to explain its aspects in marketing. The book ends up with the conclusion that advertisement by firms bears significant influence at the likelihood of i ndividuals purchasing a product. The reality from the book provides a background to study the marketing contest between the influence of reviews and advertisement on product uptake by consumers. The book provides a useful resource for the marketing professionals who understand the power of advertising. In this respect, the book is essential in handling the topic on marketing between the online reviews and the effects of advertisement on the probability of consumers purchasing products. It is evident that the statistics presented in the book are authentic given the reputation of the author. The author produces in-depth statistical information from social sites which determine product uptake strength. Further, the book is instrumental on the provision of empirical evidence on consumer influence as evidenced by its use of Wiley to highlight the arguments. The article is useful in the research on the components holding much influence on consumers given its analysis of the social network effects. The facts presented can be used to argue for company advertisement towards influencing customer purchase on commodities. The probability of individuals creating reviews on products depends on the amount of knowledge created through advertisements. Therefore, company advertisements influence purchase to great extents as the reviews come from the possible use. I find the text important towards the formation of a formidable argument for one side of the factors that influence the probability of product purchase between company advertisement and product reviews on the online sites. Therefore, the book presents facts that can be incorporated into the discussion towards arriving at solutions to the marketing topic. The book records a study and facts found on the consumer behavior surrounding the purchase of goods and services. The book drives the understanding of the effectiveness of marketing campaigns by highlighting the strategies used by producers to reach the hearts of the consumers. The book shows how marketers apply knowledge on developing marketing strategies that attract consumers towards a product uptake. Further, the book indicates the facts that lead to loyalty through referral and proper use of commodities. Notably, the book notes that consumers take up products that satisfy their needs and would in most cases not rely on reviews as long as the service provided satisfies one's demands. Furthermore, the book handles the 4ps of marketing highlighting how each works and the power it places on advertisement as a social tool towards an appeal to a product purchase. The book suggests on the creation of a powerful marketing tool by citing examples of products that have utilized the strategy towards convincing a significant number of consumers into purchasing commodities in the market. Besides, the book explores the external influences on customers whenever purchasing products ranging from cultures, social groups, and popular trends and aligns the factors to the power of marketing. The book presents various empirical data representing product uptake and trial owing to the power of marketing used in line with adherence to the four Ps of marketing. As a result, the study concludes that the extent to which companies go in developing a strategic advertisement determines the success rate of a product in the market. Products achieving the needs of consumers manage to appeal to t heir emotional, social, and economic needs. The study explains the importance of development and advertisement of products with a touch on consumers and relates the same towards a possible influence on product consumption. The book is critical to the topic of the day that analyzes the influence of products uptake on customers. The provisions for positive advertisement assist in supporting a logical proposition on the role of company advertisement on changing consumer consumption patterns. The information presented in the book comes from a logical point of view given the credibility of the author as a contributor in the marketing sector. The author uses several examples that can be proven and selects a broad research model that exemplifies the influence of social groups towards product consumption. Further, it disqualifies the influence of reviews in commanding a product purchase by insinuating the widespread use of advertisements which transfers knowledge on a product development in the market. As long as commodities meet the demands of a population, reviews have little effects towards their purchase. Understanding the nature of consumer behavior is instrumental towards understanding the influential power between reviews and advertisement and how each impacts the society. The factors presented in the report can be used in promotion of one aspect of marketing and at the same time used to discredit the influence of reviews on product uptake. The book remains instrumental in revealing the benefits of advertisement and highlighting the various forms it takes towards promoting consumer behavior. Therefore, the research can benefit comfortably through the findings in the book in promoting the discussion with informative news. References Birke, D. (2013).Social Networks and Their Economics: Influencing Consumer Choice. John Wiley Sons. Chevalier, J. A., Mayzlin, D. (2006). The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews.Journal of marketing research,43(3), 345-354. Cui, G., Lui, H., Guo, X. (2012). The Effect of Online Consumer Reviews on New Product Sales. International Journal Of Electronic Commerce, 17(1), 39-58. Fonda, d. (2016). Can you Trust Online Reviews?. Kiplinger's Personal Finance, 70(7), 62-66. Lake, L. (2009).Consumer behavior for dummies. John Wiley Sons. Fonda, d. (2016). Can you Trust Online Reviews?. Kiplinger's Personal Finance, 70(7), 62-66. Cui, G., Lui, H., Guo, X. (2012). The Effect of Online Consumer Reviews on New Product Sales. International Journal Of Electronic Commerce, 17(1), 39-58. Birke, D. (2013).Social Networks and Their Economics: Influencing Consumer Choice. John Wiley Sons. Lake, L. (2009).Consumer behavior for dummies. John Wiley Sons. Chevalier, J. A., Mayzlin, D. (2006). The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews.Journal of marketing research,43(3), 345-354.

Racism in American History X Essay Example

Racism in American History X Paper Racism in American History X â€Å"Get the fuck out of my house! † exclaims Derek as he pulls down his wife-beater to reveal a swastika tattoo, â€Å"See this? That means not welcome. † American History X, directed by Tony Kaye, is a movie about the transformation of Derek Vinyard: a young neo-Nazi skinhead. Derek’s father, Dennis Vinyard, was a middle-class fireman who disagreed with many of the ideological changes–such as affirmative â€Å"black† action–happening in America at the time. His father died while trying to put out a fire in a minority community. Derek essentially put the blame on the minorities for his father’s death as he says in the news interview: â€Å"Decent hard working Americans like my dad are getting rubbed out by these social parasites†. The death of a loved one is never an easy thing to go through. Derek felt that somebody else was responsible for the death other than his father. From then on this racist ideology stuck with Derek until his eventual murder of two black thugs, which got him sent to jail for three years. During the second dinner scene before the murder, the family argues about the recent Rodney King incident. In the argument, Derek’s close-minded ideology and oversimplification of the issue leads him to commit several logical fallacies, such as double standard, false dilemma, and red herring. Derek uses the double standard fallacy extensively throughout this scene. His ideology plays a major role in his reasoning: â€Å"That’s crap. I don’t buy that for a minute†¦ the fact that these people ripped off the stores in their own communities–all that reflects is that these people absolutely have no respect for the law at all and certainly no concept of community or civic responsibility† Derek begins by poisoning the well. He exclaims that the previous point made by Murray was â€Å"crap†. Derek sees minorities as having no respect because they ripped off their own kind and seemingly explains that the reason these people commit these crimes is because they have no concept of community or responsibility. We will write a custom essay sample on Racism in American History X specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Racism in American History X specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Racism in American History X specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Now wait a minute. Murray makes a good point that, â€Å"white people commit crimes against white people, too. † And that is where the double standard comes in. Earlier in the movie Derek convinces his gang to loot the local grocery store in his community because â€Å"now some fucking Korean owns it†. Instead of just telling the gang to hate black, hispanic, asian people because they are of that race, he makes speeches, telling them charismatically and passionately how these people are stealing their jobs, causing Americans to suffer a poor standard of living. Although his act wasn’t a crime between people of the same race, it was still obviously committed with no concept of community because it was fueled by racist ideology. Derek justifies this act of civil disobedience by blaming the government for allowing so many illegal immigrants across the border. In summary, Derek labels this same act of rioting differently depending on the race of people who commit the act. Subsequent to the previous fallacy, Derek presents the family with a false dilemma as to why black people tend to commit crime. â€Å"Look at the statistics for Christ’s sake. One in every three black males is in some phase of the correctional system. Is that a coincidence, or do these people have like a racial commitment to crime? † Derek’s first reason is that it may just be a coincidence, while his second reason is pretty much an accusation against the African American race. Derek proposes two and only two alternatives for consideration when many more underlying factors exist. For example Davina Vinyard makes a point that there could be social inequalities–like poverty or education level–that may differ between races. And Murray also adds that the statistic could also be due to a large amount of prejudice in the justice system towards race. For instance Derek’s black friend in jail was accused of assault and sentenced to six years because he dropped a stolen TV on the policeman’s foot. Derek oversimplifies the issue by presenting two reasons and fails to acknowledge any of the underlying factors that may be in play to produce the statistic. Finally, near the end of the conversation Derek uses the red herring fallacy to further support his radical view. If Rodney King had been driving along, hopped up on Chivas Regal and PCP and had killed Danny, you’d be singing a very different tune about the force of those cops. † In order to prove his point that King deserved the beating for what he had done, Derek presents the situation in a totally different light. Derek immediately shifts the discussion to something emotional (the death of his brother Danny) and the possibility of King hitting into someone during his high-speed chase is totally off topic because he didn’t in fact hit anybody. In doing so he uses appeal to fear to commit the fallacy of red herring. Derek’s blatant racism against the â€Å"struggling black man† is shown throughout this scene. Derek refers to King as a â€Å"monkey† twice, which displays his obvious lack of respect towards other races. Derek’s strong racial prejudice is obvious towards the end when he screams anti-Semitic insults at Murray and tells him to get out of the house. But what we’re all wondering (including Davina), â€Å"What is your point, Derek? Derek struggles to make a point that the white cops in the incident were doing their job and being persecuted for it, while Rodney King was no longer the focus of the incident. However, Derek’s arguments contained double standard, false dilemma, and red herring fallacies, which discredit and oversimplify the issue at hand. After Derek returns from jail he realizes that the beliefs that were instilled in him were what caused him to think so irrat ionally and one-sided. The film makes excellent use of a cunning depiction of racists to convey how evil and destructive Derek’s attitude and ideas really were.

Biography of Automobile Inventor Gottlieb Daimler

Biography of Automobile Inventor Gottlieb Daimler In 1885, Gottlieb Daimler (together with his design partner Wilhelm Maybach) took Nicolaus Ottos internal combustion engine a step further and patented what is generally recognized as the prototype of the modern gas engine. First Motorcycle Gottlieb Daimlers connection to Nicolaus Otto was a direct one; Daimler worked as technical director of Deutz Gasmotorenfabrik, which Nicolaus Otto co-owned in 1872. There is some controversy as to who built the first motorcycle, Nicolaus Otto or Gottlieb Daimler. The Worlds First Four-Wheeled Automobile The 1885 Daimler-Maybach engine was small, lightweight, fast, used a gasoline-injected carburetor, and had a vertical cylinder. The size, speed, and efficiency of the engine allowed for a revolution in car design. On March 8, 1886, Daimler took a stagecoach (made by Wilhelm Wimpff Sohn) and adapted it to hold his engine, thereby designing the worlds first four-wheeled automobile. In 1889, Gottlieb Daimler invented a V-slanted two cylinder, four-stroke engine with mushroom-shaped valves. Just like Ottos 1876 engine, Daimlers new engine set the basis for all car engines going forward. Four-Speed Transmission Also in 1889, Daimler and Maybach built their first automobile from the ground up, they did not adapt another purpose vehicle as had always been done previously. The new Daimler automobile had a four-speed transmission and obtained speeds of 10 mph. Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft Gottlieb Daimler founded the Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft in 1890 to manufacture his designs. Wilhelm Maybach was behind the design of the Mercedes automobile. Maybach eventually left Daimler to set up his own factory for making engines for Zeppelin airships. First Automobile Race In 1894, the first automobile race in the world was won by a car with a Daimler engine.

A Few Good Man Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Few Good Man - Movie Review Example ges to prove the presence of Code Red, â€Å"an extrajudicial punishment† for dissenting officers, but there is a setback when it is proved that Dawson was absent when the code red order was made. As the movie ends, Colonel Jessup contradicts his testimony and angrily justifies his actions that led to the death of Santiago. Jessup is arrested, while Downey and Dawson are found guilty of unbecoming conduct of a marine and discharged dishonorably. A Few Good Men touches on military justice and demonstrates how military honor and competence is suborned by authorities. Dawson and Downey were treated fairly in A Few Good Men as they were cleared of murder and Jessup was arrested for giving the code red order on Santiago. Dawson and Downey were following orders dictated by their code on abiding to a unit, corps, God, and country in the course of duty (Sorkin, 1990, p. 32). However, they followed orders from their superiors, including Colonel Jessup, but did not regard their duty to protect those not in a position to protect themselves leading to their dishonorable discharge. There was unfairness by the justice system in choice of attorney, willingness to make plea, and choice of prosecutor. Instances exist where the judicial system treated the accused differently as they were going against the word of powerful people. The first instance is assigning the Santiago case to Kaffee and Moore despite their proven inexperience in courtrooms and Kaffee best known for settling cases regardless of guilt, innocence, or the opinion of accused. The other instance is that Downey and Dawson were investigated by military that set up the justice system through appointing the attorneys and presided over the prosecution, which is a violation of their right to fair treatment. The other difference was through instructing Kaffee to plea on behalf of the accused to avoid getting the case to trial. This is evidenced by the prosecutor cautioning him that not pleading was a risk to his

Communications society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communications society - Essay Example In particular, the philosopher believed in the importance of a free press to report actions of the government and individuals; without a free press, unhindered by central control, Marx argued that society could not move forward in an effective, egalitarian way. His views can be positively compared to those of Plato, whose Phaedrus makes similar points as to the role of truth in all communication. As a political philosopher often at odds with the rest of the world in terms of ideas, Karl Marx nevertheless dedicated himself to creating ideological frameworks based on equality for all classes of people in terms of money, resources and public services. His views on the role of communication throughout society were therefore based on this basic notion of equality and honesty in government and individuals (Marx 52-55). Marx anticipated in his writings that future generations around the world would experience communicative technological advancements that would allow for a larger number of people to follow current events day by day. Although communications in Marx's time were not what they are today, they were nevertheless given great importance for news reporting and political events - the problem was that this news could be delayed and much of it would never reach distant regions or foreign countries. Marx believed that if politics were ever to be truly honest and transparent, communication technology would need to be improved so that daily politics could be reported clearly and assessed properly (Hardt 19-42). This belief led to the promotion of the free press; a state of journalism that would not be centrally controlled and censored. As media systems were created and spread, originally across different parts of Europe, newspapers and pamphlets were generally written in accordance with a specific group message or bias; the parliamentary debate would be written to a specific format, the government or the monarchy had the ability to stop any one group or person from publishing certain articles and censorship ran high. The press was, in fact, not something that could be said to inform the masses of current events, but it was more of a gossip trade that people enjoyed for its shocking details (Marr 12). Marx wanted to see the press evolve into something that could build and maintain an equal, functional society but he realised that the only way to do with was to eradicate censorship and promote honest, relevant journalism that affected the masses. Through strong communication networks, Marx h oped to call the public to action where it had been complacent and uninformed for so long (Mehring and Fitzgerald 152). Phaedrus and Communication Plato's Phaedrus is a dialogue between characters that revolves primarily around love, but that also includes ideas on communication and how words should be used. The communication side of the dialogue focuses on rhetoric. Plato writes that rhetoric is the art of persuasion, and that without this aim there can be no true conversation or dialogue at all. It is the clear view of the writer that speech and communication are bound to rhetoric and that no writing can be thought wrong unless it is created without truth or knowledge: "As the Spartan said, there is no genuine art of speaking without a grasp

Civil Engineering Essay Example for Free

Civil Engineering Essay The material used for construction or the materials used to produce other materials which may be used in construction is called construction material. construction material are: Cement,sand ,water. Concrete, Lime, Stones, Paints and Varnishes, Wood and Timber, Engineering Metals, Bituminous materials and Plastics, Rubber and Glass, Miscelleneous materials, http://www.aboutcivil.org/engineering-materials.html Cement Bricklayer Joseph Asp din of Leeds, England first made portland cement early in the 19th century by burning powdered limestone and clay in his kitchen stove. Portland cement, the basic ingredient of concrete, is a closely controlled chemical combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, iron and small amounts of other ingredients sand to which gypsum is added in the final grinding process to regulate the setting time of the concrete. Lime and silica make up about 85% of the mass. Common among the materials used in its manufacture are limestone, shells, and chalk or marl combined with shale, clay, slate or blast furnace slag, silica sand, and iron ore. Strength of cement Also known as the mother of all engineering, it is the oldest, most simple and useful of all engineering sciences. Civil engineering is field of engineering sciences, related to construction, design and maintenance of buildings, dams, bridges, tunnels, highways etc. sand Sand is an extremely needful material for the construction but this important material must be purchased with all care and vigilance. Sand which is used in the construction purpose must be clean, free from waste stones and impurities. It is important to know what type of sand is beneficial for construction purpose as sand is also classified into three different forms that make it suitable for specific type of construction. Sand is classified as: Fine Sand (0.075 to 0.425 mm), Medium Sand (0.425 to 2 mm) and Coarse Sand (2.0 to4.75 mm). However this classification of sand is further has types of sand in particular and on that basis only they are being incorporated in the construction. Read out the detailing of the types of sand: Pit Sand (Coarse sand) Pit sand is classified under coarse sand which is also called badarpur in common language. This type of coarse sand is procured from deep pits of abundant supply and it is generally in red-orange colour. The coarse grain is sharp, angular and certainly free from salts etc which is mostly employed in concreting. River Sand River sand is procured from river streams and banks and is fine in quality unlike pit sand. This type of sand has rounded grains generally in white-grey colour. River sand has many uses in the construction purpose such as plastering. Sea Sand As the name suggest, sea sand is taken from seas shores and it is generally in distinct brown colour with fine circular grains. Sea sand is avoided for the purpose construction of concrete structure and in engineering techniques because it contains salt which tends to absorb moisture from atmosphere and brings dampness. Eventually cement also loses its action when mixed with sea sand that is why it is only used for the local purpose instead of structural construction. There are different standards for the construction purpose which must be checked and considered for the better construction. The requirement according to which sand is chosen should be like: * For plastering purpose the overall fine sand used must not be less than 1.5 while silt is preferred to not less than 4 percent. * For brick work fine sand used must not be less than 1.2 to 1.5 and silt is preferred is 4 percent generally. * Concreting work require coarse sand in modulus of 2.5 to 3.5 with not less than 4 percent silt content. * http://www.sereneinteriors.com/building-construction/types-of-sand-construction.html water Pure and hygienic water is not only important for our life but also needed for quality construction. From the foundation till the completion of construction we must ensure the quality of water used. Here are few tips to know about water. Water is one of the most important elements in construction but people still ignore quality aspect of this element. The water is required for preparation of mortar, mixing of cement concrete and for curing work etc during construction work. The quality and quantity of water has much effect on the strength of mortar and cement concrete in construction work. Quality of Water The water used for mixing and curing should be clean and free from injurious quantities of alkalis, acid, oils, salt, sugar, organic materials, vegetable growth and other substances that may be deleterious to bricks, stone, concrete or steel. Potable water is generally considered satisfactory for mixing. The pH value of water should be not less than 6. Effects of Bad Quality Water on Cement Concrete It has been observed that certain common impurities in water affect the quality of mortar or concrete. Many times in spite of using best material i.e. cement, coarse sand, coarse aggregate etc. in cement concrete, required results are not achieved. Most of Engineers/Contractors think that there is something wrong in cement, but they do not consider quality of water being used. Some bad effects of water containing impurities are following. * Presence of salt in water such as Calcium Chloride, Iron Salts, inorganic salts and sodium etc. are so dangerous that they reduce initial strength of concrete and in some cases no strength can be achieved. There is rusting problem in steel provided in RCC. Â  Presence of acid, alkali, industrial waste, sanitary sewage and water with sugar also reduce the strength of concrete. ï‚ · Presence of silt or suspended particle in water has adverse effect on strength of concrete. Presence of oil such as linseed oil, vegetable oil or mineral oil in water above 2 % reduces the strength of concrete up to 25 %. 5. Presence of algae/vegetable growth in water used for mixing in cement concrete reduce of the strength of concrete considerably and also reduce the bond between cement paste and aggregate. Concrete. Concrete is a composite construction material composed primarily of aggregate, cement, and water. There are many formulations, which provide varied properties. The aggregate is generally a coarse gravel or crushed rocks such as limestone, or granite, along with a fine aggregate such as sand. The cement, commonly Portland cement, and other cementitious materials such as fly ash and slag cement, serve as a binder for the aggregate. Various chemical admixtures are also added to achieve varied properties. Water is then mixed with this dry composite, which enables it to be shaped (typically poured) and then solidified and hardened into rock-hard strength through a chemical process called hydration. The water reacts with the cement, which bonds the other components together, eventually creating a robust stone-like material. Concrete has relatively high compressive strength, but much lower tensile strength. For this reason it is usually reinforced with materials that are strong in tension ( often steel). Concrete can be damaged by many processes, such as the freezing of trapped water. Types of Concrete. Mix design Modern concrete mix designs can be complex. The choice of a concrete mix depends on the need of the project both in terms of strength and appearance and in relation to local legislation and building codes. The design begins by determining the requirements of the concrete. These requirements take into consideration the weather conditions that the concrete will be exposed to in service, and the required design strength. The compressive strength of a concrete is determined by taking standard molded, standard-cured cylinder samples. Many factors need to be taken into account, from the cost of the various additives and aggregates, to the trade offs between, the slump for easy mixing and placement and ultimate performance. A mix is then designed using cement (Portland or other cementitious material), coarse and fine aggregates, water and chemical admixtures. The method of mixing will also be specified, as well as conditions that it may be used in. This allows a user of the concrete to be confident that the structure will perform properly. Various types of concrete have been developed for specialist application and have become known by these names.. Concrete mixes can also be designed using software programs. Such software provide the user an opportunity to select their preferred method of mix design and enter the material data to arrive at proper mix designs. Old concrete recipes Concrete has been used since ancient times. Regular Roman concrete for example was made from volcanic ash (pozzolana), and hydrated lime. Roman concrete was superior from other concrete recipes (for example, those consisting of only sand and lime)[1] used by other nations. Besides volcanic ash for making regular Roman concrete, brick dust can also be utilized. Besides regular Roman concrete, the Romans also invented hydraulic concrete, which they made from volcanic ash and clay. Modern concrete Regular concrete is the lay term describing concrete that is produced by following the mixing instructions that are commonly published on packets of cement, typically using sand or other common material as the aggregate, and often mixed in improvised containers. The ingredients in any particular mix depends on the nature of the application. Regular concrete can typically withstand a pressure from about 10 MPa (1450 psi) to 40 MPa (5800 psi), with lighter duty uses such as blinding concrete having a much lower MPa rating than structural concrete. Many types of pre-mixed concrete are available which include powdered cement mixed with an aggregate, needing only water. Typically, a batch of concrete can be made by using 1 part Portland cement, 2 parts dry sand, 3 parts dry stone, 1/2 part water. The parts are in terms of weight – not volume. For example, 1-cubic-foot (0.028 m3) of concrete would be made using 22 lb (10.0 kg) cement, 10 lb (4.5 kg) water, 41 lb (19 kg) dry sand, 70 lb (32 kg) dry stone (1/2 to 3/4 stone). This would make 1-cubic-foot (0.028 m3) of concrete and would weigh about 143 lb (65 kg). The sand should be mortar or brick sand (washed and filtered if possible) and the stone should be washed if possible. Organic materials (leaves, twigs, etc.) should be removed from the sand and stone to ensure the highest strength. High-strength concrete High-strength concrete has a compressive strength greater than 40 MPa (5800 psi). High-strength concrete is made by lowering the water-cement (W/C) ratio to 0.35 or lower. Often silica fume is added to prevent the formation of free calcium hydroxide crystals in the cement matrix, which might reduce the strength at the cement-aggregate bond. Low W/C ratios and the use of silica fume make concrete mixes significantly less workable, which is particularly likely to be a problem in high-strength concrete applications where dense rebar cages are likely to be used. To compensate for the reduced workability, superplasticizers are commonly added to high-strength mixtures. Aggregate must be selected carefully for high-strength mixes, as weaker aggregates may not be strong enough to resist the loads imposed on the concrete and cause failure to start in the aggregate rather than in the matrix or at a void, as normally occurs in regular concrete. In some applications of high-strength concrete the design criterion is the elastic modulus rather than the ultimate compressive strength. Stamped concrete Stamped concrete is an architectural concrete which has a superior surface finish. After a concrete floor has been laid, floor hardeners (can be pigmented) are impregnated on the surface and a mold which may be textured to replicate a stone / brick or even wood is stamped on to give an attractive textured surface finish. After sufficient hardening the surface is cleaned and generally sealed to give a protection. The wear resistance of stamped concrete is generally excellent and hence found in applications like parking lots, pavements, walkways etc. High-performance concrete High-performance concrete (HPC) is a relatively new term used to describe concrete that conforms to a set of standards above those of the most common applications, but not limited to strength. While all high-strength concrete is also high-performance, not all high-performance concrete is high-strength. Some examples of such standards currently used in relation to HPC are: Properties of concrete. Uses of concrete. Concrete is widely used for making architectural structures, foundations, brick/block walls, pavements, bridges/overpasses, motorways/roads, runways, parking structures, dams, pools/reservoirs, pipes, footings for gates, fences and poles and even boats. Famous concrete structures include the Burj Khalifa (worlds tallest building), the Hoover Dam, the Panama Canaland the Roman Pantheon. Lime. Manufacture of lime Lime stones are burnt in either clamps or kilns.1. Clamps:For small quantity of limestone, burning is done in a clamp. On a clear surface about 5 meters in diameter, layers of broken limestones and fuel are laid to form a heap about 4 meters high.First and the last layers should be of the fuel. In case coal is used as fuel, it could be well mixed up with limestones and lay in a heap. Sides of the heap, which incline slightly inwards, are plastered over with mud to stop loss of heat. A little opening at the top is provided for draught. The clamp is then fired at the bottom.Disappearance of blue flame at the top is an indication of the burning of lime having completed. The clamp is then allowed to cool down and pieces of quick lime are then handpicked.Clamp burning of lime is uneconomical as the fuel consumption is more due to loss of heat and as some lime powder is lost in fuel ash. Also the quick lime carries any admixture of ash.| 2. Kiln for large quantity of lime, permanent structures of kilns are constructed.A. Intermittent kiln:Whenever the lime is desired intermittently or the supply of stones or fuel is not regular then the intermittent kiln is used. An intermittent kiln in which the fuel is not in contact with the lime is shown in the figure.Big pieces of limestones are used to make a sort of archon with which smaller pieces of limestone are loaded. Fire is lighted below the arch formed with big pieces of limestone. It is only the flame not the fuel that comes in contact with the stones. Burning should be gradual so that the stones forming the arch do not get split. It normally takes two days to burn and one day to cool the charge. B. Continuous kiln:Wood or charcoal could be used as a fuel. Limestones or kankars free from earth or impurities are broken into small pieces to about 5cm gauge. Alternate layers of 75 mm stone and 6mm coal dust are fed into the kiln. Top should be covered with mud, leaving a hole of 0.5 meter diameter in the center. Burning proceeds continuously and the kiln is not allowed to cool down. Burnt material is drawn out daily and fresh charge of stone and fuel is added from top. Over burnt pieces are discarded whereas the under burnt ones are reloaded into the kiln. Remaining material is slaked or ground in grinding mill for use. | a. Eminently rich lime: It slakes rapidly. It consists of less than 5% of impurities such as silica and alumina (in clay form) and high %age of CaO. It is slow in setting and hardening and setting depends on CO2 from atmosphere, therefore rich lime is used for plastering but not mortar making. It may be used for inferior and temporary structures. B. Lean and poor lime: It contains more than 5% clayey impurities and other impurities like silica, alumina, iron and magnesium oxides, exceeds 11%. Due to large amount of impurities it slakes slowly. It also sets and hardens very slowly. It is used both for plastering and mortar making for inferior class of work. Advertisements| 1. Composition:Fat lime is produced from sea shell, coral deposits etc or from lime stone containing impurities like free sand and soluble silica combined with alumina, magnesium, carbonate etc. If the proportion of free sand is large, the resulting lime becomes progressively poor and is called poor or lean lime.2. Behavior in slaking:Fat lime slakes rapidly when water is added giving out considerable heat and making hissing and cracking noise and increases 2 to 3 times its original volume. Fat lime if exposed to air, it absorbs moisture and CO2 from the atmosphere and becomes inert CaCO3 or chalk again and loses its cementing power. For developing the cementing power, quick lime must be slaked with water as early as possible, after it is obtained from the kiln.| 3. Shrinking:Fat lime has a greater tendency to shrink and crack as it dries. To prevent this, a large quantity of sand (2 to 3 times) must be mixed with it to prepare mortar.4. Hardening or setting:Fat lime is hydrated calcium oxide and sets by the absorption of CO2 from the air.Ca (OH) 2 + CO2 == CaCO3 + H2OCrystals of CaCO3 are formed and the water goes by evaporation. Thus fat lime hardens only where it comes in contact with air, as in plaster work.In the interior of thick walls, it does not acquire strength as CO2 i.e. air cannot reach there. Mixing of sand (2 to 3 times) forms pores for access of CO2 and helps hardening.5. Strength:Crystals of CaCO3 formed by fat lime are not very strong. Fat lime, therefore, does not possess much strength and is used for plastering walls, while washing etc in exposed positions.

How Clarice Influenced Montag in Fahrenheit 451 Essay examples -- Ray

Guy Montag is a fireman who is greatly influenced in Ray Bradbury's novel, Fahrenheit 451. The job of a fireman in this futuristic society is to burn down houses with books in them. Montag has always enjoyed his job, that is until Clarisse McClellan comes along. Clarisse is seventeen and crazy. At least, this is what her uncle, whom she gets many of her ideas about the world from, describes her as. Clarisse and Montag befriend each other quickly, and Clarisse's impact on Montag is enormous. Clarisse comes into Montag's life, and immediately begins to question his relationship with his wife, his career, and his happiness. Also, Clarisse shows Montag how to appreciate the simple things in life. She teaches him to care about other people and their feelings. By the end of the novel, we can see that Montag is forever changed by Clarisse. Montag never appreciated the simple things in life. He would never walk or drive slow enough to see the colors of things. This bothered Clarisse McClellan very much. She loved to catch raindrops on her tongue, and she always left little presents for Montag to make sure he appreciated these simple things. Through her spirit and her small simple presents, Montag finds the strength to also appreciate these things.â€Å"And then very slowly as he walked, he tilted his head back in the rain for just a few moments and opened his mouth..†(Bradbury 24). Montag begins to see that no matter how hard life gets, he will always have these smaller things that he can enjoy. In the beginning of the novel, Montag thinks he cares about everyone and their feelings. Once Clarisse steps into his life, this changes right away. She shows him that the world he lives in ignores people's feelings .They make games out of kill... ... chin. She tells Montag that this means she is in love. When she rubs the dandelion underneath Montag's chin she has a very different result. There is no powder. â€Å"'What a shame,' she said. 'You're not in love with anyone' 'I am very much in love!' He tried to conjure up a face to fit the words, but there was no face 'I am!'† Montag goes home, and thinks about this. He later realizes that he isn't in love, and would not care if Mildred died. Montag is influenced by Clarisse a lot. And, her impact on him is tremendous. She questions his whole life, teaches him to appreciate the simple things, and to care about other people and their feelings. â€Å"You're peculiar, you're aggravating, yet you're easy to forgive..†(Bradbury 23) Through all Clarisse's questioning, Montag knows that she is trying to help him. Because of her help and impact on him, Montag is changed forever.

Ethical Issues for School Counselors

The Ethical Issues for School Counselors Ethical issues arise more often for school counselors than for those who work in other settings. The challenge of working not only with minors but also with other stakeholders including parents, teachers, school administrators, and community members sets the stage for potential legal and ethical dilemmas. Awareness and adherence to ethical codes, therefore, is critical if school counselors are to make appropriate, ethical decisions. This article enhances school counselors' knowledge of ethical codes by using actual cases as submitted by school counselors.The issues are presented in a quiz format for further discussion and relate each scenario to particular ethical codes. The school counselor's primary obligation is to the student. This includes advocating for students, defining the role of the counselor, and adjusting work assignments so student’s needs are met. Regular meetings between school counselors and school principals have been touted as effective catalysts towards redirecting assignments that are counterproductive to student needs. It seems apparent that school counselors need viable methods to educate themselves about ethical conduct as well as to educate other stakeholders.Realistic scenarios are often difficult to encounter and might assist in the aforementioned tasks. This article was written to aid school counselors as they seek solutions to ethical dilemmas as well as to provide a nonthreatening format in which to enlighten principals and parents about appropriate responses. This article utilized the American Counseling Association (ACA) Code of Ethics (2005) and American School Counselors' Association (ASCA) Ethical Standards for School Counselors (2004) to arrive at answers at the ensuring discussions.While conclusive answers follow scenarios in the cases, the quiz was written to offer an opportunity to evaluate knowledge of current ACA and ASCA codes of ethics and facilitate discussions concernin g other appropriate alternatives. Answers were provided to help school counselors take a proactive rather than reactive stance when similar events occur. The ethical issues described in the article were submitted anonymously by school counselors practicing in the panhandle of Texas. These cases were not solicited; rather, counselors sent them to counselor educators at a local university so they might receive consultation.It is hoped this examination aids school counselors in the creation of proactive future plans when faced with ethical situations. Because no written quiz can offer indisputable answers, additional strategies are need to overcome difficult ethical dilemmas. The quiz can aid counselor educators as they strive to deepen ethical discussions in school counseling courses. As stated in class each person has the right to receive the information and support needed to move toward self-direction and self-development.Each person has the right to understand the full magnitude an d meaning of his/her educational choices and how those choices will affect future opportunities. Special care should be given to students who have historically not received adequate educational services: students of color, low socio-economic students, students with disabilities and student with non-dominant language backgrounds. The Standard G. Maintenance of Standards states that, professional school counselors are obligated to take appropriate action when they see the standards are not being followed.That being said, counselors must have knowledge of codes of ethics as well as local, state, and federal laws; school policies; seek consultation; and stay informed of changes in order to make ethical decisions. Being fully informed helps school counselors be prepared in situations that demand careful judgment and protect the welfare of the children within the school. This quiz and the strategies mentioned previously can be a useful tool in achieving this goal. Reference Froeschle, J. F. Crews, C. C. (2010). An ethics challenge for school counselors. EbscoHosthttp://www. ebsohost. com